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we don t have to. It s just convenient. An alternative is to use the backslash character (\) to escape the quotes in the string, like this: >>> 'Let\'s go!' "Let's go!" Python understands that the middle single quote is a character in the string and not the end of the string. (Even so, Python chooses to use double quotes when printing out the string.) The same works with double quotes, as you might expect: >>> "\"Hello, world!\" she said" '"Hello, world!" she said' Escaping quotes like this can be useful, and sometimes necessary. For example, what would you do without the backslash if your string contained both a single quote and a double quote, as in the string 'Let\'s say "Hello, world!"'

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If you have a diagram that you ve used in other presentations and you d like to t it into your new BBP presentation, go to the story template and gure out where the pieces of the explanation of the diagram t into the overall story. If the diagram contains information that is new to the audience, you need to break it up into smaller pieces in order to ease the new information through the working memory of your audience. As you use the story template to explain the diagram, think of the three main parts of the diagram and describe them in the Key Point headlines. Then complete the story template as before, breaking up each Key Point piece into smaller pieces in the Explanation headlines and then breaking each Explanation subpiece into smaller pieces in the Detail headlines. When you return to the storyboard to revise the storyboard headlines, you ll have laid the groundwork for a series of slides that explains the new information in the diagram piece by piece, slide by slide rather than all at once.

NoMethodError: private method 'set_last_name' called for #<Person:0x337b68 @last_name="Bloggs", @first_name="Fred">

The opposite of the private keyword is public. You could put private before one method, but then revert back to public methods again afterwards using public, like so:

When you ve nished sketching the Explanation slides, in Slide Sorter view, drag each slide back to where it belongs in the sequence of the storyboard. Now look at the storyboard and see how these slides guide your audience across the sections of the storyboard rst with a Key Point slide, followed by an Explanation slide, and then the Detail slides, all carrying the visual story forward.

You can also use private as a command by passing in symbols representing the methods you want to keep private, like so:

Note Tired of backslashes As you will see later in this chapter, you can avoid most of them by using long

class Person def anyone_can_access_this; ...; end def this_is_private; ...; end def this_is_also_private; ...; end def another_public_method; ...; end private :this_is_private, :this_is_also_private end

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Note Ruby supports ending lines with semicolons (;) and allows you to put multiple lines of code onto a

single line (for example, x = 10; x += 1; puts x). In this case, it s been done to save on lines of code in the example, although it s not considered good style in production-quality Ruby code.

The command tells Ruby that this_is_private and this_is_also_private are to be made into private methods. Whether you choose to use private as a directive before methods, or as a command specifying the method names directly, is up to you, and is another of many technically unimportant stylistic decisions you ll make as a Ruby programmer. However, it s important to note that in the preceding example the private declaration has to come after the methods are defined. Ruby supports a third form of encapsulation (other than public and private) called protected that makes a method private, but within the scope of a class rather than within a single object. For example, you were unable to directly call a private method outside the

Your last job is to sketch the third-most important slides in the presentation the Detail slides that follow each Explanation slide. In Slide Sorter view, zoom in to see a set of Explanation and Detail slides together, as shown in Figure 7-22. It s important that you see and work with these four slides together as a package, because when you write out an Explanation headline in Act II, it summarizes the Detail headlines that come next. Similarly, each Explanation slide should be a visual summary of the Detail slides.

strings and raw strings (which can be combined).

scope of that object and its methods. However, you can call a protected method from the scope of the methods of any object that s a member of the same class: